Step 1: Analysis of Hashing Techniques.
- Universal Hashing: This approach employs random hash function selection to prevent predictable patterns. Collisions are not resolved using linked lists.
- Linear Probing: This method addresses collisions by searching for the subsequent empty slot sequentially, without employing linked lists.
- Quadratic Probing: A collision resolution technique that examines a sequence of positions in a quadratic pattern to locate an available slot, also without the use of linked lists.
- Chaining: Chaining manages collisions by aggregating all elements that hash to the same slot into a linked list. This is the method that correctly utilizes linked lists for collision resolution.
Step 2: Determination.
Therefore, the accurate choice is (4) Chaining.
Consider a dynamic hashing approach for 4-bit integer keys:

Consider the following state of the hash table. Which of the following sequences of key insertions can cause the above state of the hash table (assume the keys are in decimal notation)?