Question

All of the following are true about xanthogranulomatous inflammation EXCEPT:

• A. Presence of foamy macrophages
• B. Presence of tuberculous infection
• C. Presence of multinucleated giant cells
• D. Presence of yellow nodules

Hint:

This lipid-laden yellow inflammation is driven by pyogenic bacteria like Proteus, not by TB.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a distinctive chronic, tissue-destroying reaction in which macrophages engorged with lipid pile up and turn the affected organ into soft yellow masses, the best known examples being the kidney in xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and the gallbladder in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Reading down the choices, the foamy lipid-rich macrophages are the defining cell type so that statement is correct, the abundant intracellular lipid is exactly what produces the gross yellow nodular appearance so that statement is correct, and scattered multinucleated giant cells do appear within the mixed chronic infiltrate so that statement is correct too. The misfit is the claim about tuberculous infection: the organisms classically driving this process are ordinary pyogenic bacteria such as $Proteus$ and $E. coli$ in the setting of chronic obstruction, and tuberculosis is not part of its definition. Because it is the only statement that does not belong, the presence of tuberculous infection is the exception. \[\boxed{\text{Presence of tuberculous infection (FALSE)}}\]