Question

A health disorder that results from the deficiency of thyroxine in adults and characterised by (i) a low metabolic rate, (ii) increase in body weight and (iii) tendency to retain water in tissues is

• A. simple goitre
• B. myxoedema
• C. cretinism
• D. hypothyroidism

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The given question asks about a health disorder resulting from the deficiency of thyroxine in adults, characterized by a low metabolic rate, an increase in body weight, and a tendency to retain water in tissues. Let us examine each option:

1. Simple Goitre: This condition results from iodine deficiency, causing an enlarged thyroid gland, but it is not directly related to the deficiency of thyroxine in such specific ways as mentioned in the question.
2. Myxoedema: This is indeed a condition resulting from the deficiency of thyroxine in adults. It is characterized by symptoms such as a low metabolic rate, increase in body weight, and retention of water in tissues (edema). Therefore, this option fits perfectly with the question's description.
3. Cretinism: This condition is also due to a deficiency of thyroxine but occurs in neonates and infants rather than adults. It results in stunted physical and mental growth.
4. Hypothyroidism: While hypothyroidism is a broader term encompassing various thyroid hormone deficiencies, it is not solely specific to the characteristics described in the question. Myxoedema is a specific type of hypothyroidism.

Therefore, the correct answer is myxoedema, as it specifically refers to the symptoms listed in the question caused by the deficiency of thyroxine in adults.