Step 1: Understanding the Question:
We need to calculate the acceleration of a block with a given mass, which is subjected to a known force on a surface without friction.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration is described by Newton's Second Law of Motion. The formula is:
\[ F_{net} = ma \]
where \(F_{net}\) is the net force acting on the object, \(m\) is its mass, and \(a\) is its acceleration.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
First, identify the given quantities:
- Applied force, \(F = 10 \text{ N}\).
- Mass of the block, \(m = 5 \text{ kg}\).
The problem states that the surface is "frictionless". This is a key piece of information, as it means the applied force is the only horizontal force, and thus it is the net force. So, \(F_{net} = 10 \text{ N}\).
We rearrange Newton's Second Law to solve for acceleration (\(a\)):
\[ a = \frac{F_{net}}{m} \]
Substitute the given values into the equation:
\[ a = \frac{10 \text{ N}}{5 \text{ kg}} \]
Calculate the result:
\[ a = 2 \text{ m/s}^2 \]
(Note: The unit N is equivalent to kg·m/s², so the units are consistent).
Step 4: Final Answer:
The acceleration of the block is \(2 \text{ m/s}^2\).