Question

(a) Atmospheric temperature after a hailstorm is greater than the temperature during the hailstorm. State True or False.
(b) Which thermal physical quantity of a frying pan changes by making the base heavier?
(c) State the principle of Calorimetry.

Hint:

Remember the difference: Specific heat capacity is "per kg" of a substance, while heat capacity is for the "entire object". Heavier object = more heat capacity.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Phase change (melting) requires the absorption of latent heat from the surroundings.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
After a hailstorm, the hail (ice) on the ground begins to melt.
To melt, ice requires latent heat of fusion (\( 336 \text{ J/g} \)). It absorbs this massive amount of heat from the surrounding air.
As the atmosphere loses heat to the melting ice, its temperature drops significantly.
Therefore, the atmosphere feels much colder after the hailstorm than during it.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The statement is False.
(b)
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Specific Heat Capacity is independent of mass, but Heat Capacity depends directly on mass.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The thermal energy required to raise the temperature of a body by \( 1^\circ\text{C} \) is called its Heat Capacity (\( C' \)).
It is calculated as: \( C' = m \times c \), where \( m \) is mass and \( c \) is specific heat capacity.
By making the base of the frying pan heavier, we are increasing its mass (\( m \)).
Since the material is the same, \( c \) is constant, but the product \( m \times c \) increases.
Therefore, the heat capacity of the pan increases.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The Heat Capacity (Thermal Capacity) of the pan changes (increases).
(c)
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This principle is based on the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The principle of Calorimetry states that when two bodies of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, heat flows from the hot body to the cold body until thermal equilibrium is reached.
If no heat is lost to the surroundings, then:
\[ \text{Heat energy lost by the hot body} = \text{Heat energy gained by the cold body} \]
This assumes the system is perfectly insulated.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The principle states that heat lost equals heat gained in an isolated system.