List of top Plant Sciences Questions on Genetics & Plant Breeding asked in ICAR AIEEA (PG)

Which of the following statements about synthetic varieties are correct? 
• [(A).] Unlike hybrids, the farmers can save the seeds of synthetic varieties. 
• [(B).] Synthetic varieties have wider adaptability. 
• [(C).] No need to make fresh crosses every year. 
• [(D).] Synthetic varieties are higher yielding than the hybrids. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Following are the activities in the development and release of a crop variety. Arrange the activities in chronological order i.e. from start to the last.  
• [(A).] Evaluation of the collected genotypes and selection of parental genotypes. 
• [(B).] Collection of diverse genotypes of the target crop. 
• [(C).] Pair-wise cross-hybridization of the parental genotypes followed by evaluation and selection of the superior recombinants. 
• [(D).] Testing, release, and commercializing the new variety. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R).
• [Assertion (A):] In nature, the tetraploid and hexaploid wheat reproduce as diploid (\(2n=28\) or \(2n = 42\)). 
• [Reason (R):] In the presence of the Ph1 allele in chromosome 5B, each chromosome pairs only with its homologue from the same genome and reproduces as diploid. 
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one is labeled as Reason (R).
• [Assertion (A):] Self-incompatibility, male sterility, and pistillate condition have one effect in common i.e. they prevent self-pollination. 
• [Reason (R):] Self-incompatibility and male sterility are used in hybrid seed production while pistillate condition is used in inbred development. In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements: 
• [Statement (I):] Horizontal gene transfer among the microbes is responsible for the transmission of virulence factors. 
• [Statement (II):] Horizontal gene transfer can happen between microbes and plants also. 
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Which of the following combinations of the premises of 'Gamete Selection' in plant breeding is the correct one? 
• [(A).] Multiparent crosses are required for simultaneous improvements of multiple traits. 
• [(B).] The male parents of the final crosses are heterozygous and hence heterogametic. 
• [(C).] Each zygotic seed is a product of a separate, independent fertilization event. 
• [(D).] Gametic selection is an effective method to isolate an inbred for hybrid breeding. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
• [(A).] Seeds of synthetic varieties need to be replaced every year. 
• [(B).] Hybrid crops need intensive care and more inputs. 
• [(C).] Open pollinated progeny test is used in Maize and Pearl millet. 
• [(D).] Composite varieties exploit both GCA and SCA. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Male sterile cytoplasm in crop plants usually arises from- 
• [(A).] Inter-specific hybridization 
• [(B).] Self-incompatibility 
• [(C).] Spontaneous mutation 
• [(D).] Induced mutation through Ethium Bromide Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Select the correct statements about origin of the tetraploid and hexaploid wheat: 
• [A.] The tetraploid species Triticum turgidum is an allopolyploid. 
• [B.] The hexaploid species Triticum aestivum is an allopolyploid. 
• [C.] Triticum turgidum arose from a combination of Triticum monococcum and Triticum timopheevii genomes. 
• [D.] Triticum aestivum arose from a combination of Triticum turgidum and Aegilops tauschii genomes. 

The physiological characteristics of wheat plants that adapt different wheat cultivars to different climates include- 
• [(A).] Fertilizer requirement. 
• [(B).] Vernalization requirement. 
• [(C).] Winter hardiness (cold tolerance) 
• [(D).] Photoperiod response. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: