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A source transmits symbol \( S \) that takes values uniformly at random from the set \( \{-2, 0, 2\} \). The receiver obtains \( Y = S + N \), where \( N \) is a zero-mean Gaussian random variable independent of \( S \). The receiver uses the maximum likelihood decoder to estimate the transmitted symbol \( S \). Suppose the probability of symbol estimation error \( P_e \) is expressed as follows: \[ P_e = \alpha P(N>1), \] where \( P(N>1) \) denotes the probability that \( N \) exceeds 1. What is the value of \( \alpha \)?
  • GATE EC - 2025
  • GATE EC
  • Communication Systems
  • Threshold Detection with Gaussian Noise
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