List of top Computer Science and IT Engineering Questions on OOPs concept asked in AP PGECET

An ER model contains:
• Student with attributes: StudentID, Name, Age 
• Course with attributes: CourseID, Title 
• A many-to-many relationship Enrols between Student and Course, with attribute Grade In the relational design, a separate table is needed to capture the relationship and its attribute. 
The correct schema design is?

Two transactions operate on the same data item: 
• $T_1$: Read(X), Write(X) 
• $T_2$: Read(X), Write(X) 
If both execute without proper control, the system may face?

In a client-server system, a company deploys a database application where multiple users and requests to access and update data stored in a centralized system. The system ensures that all users get consistent and updated information. Which of the following best describes the advantages of this client- server architecture?
In the context of the Client-Server model, which HTTP response status code indicates that the requested resource was not found on the server?
Which routing algorithm requires each router to inform all other routers in the network about its entire set of links and their current costs?
In the ISO/OSI reference model, which layer is responsible for dialog control, token management, and synchronization?
Cohesion is a measure of how strongly related the functions within a single module are. Which level of cohesion is considered the most desirable?
A software application has been in use for two years. Users report that some features are not working as expected, and there are minor bugs that need fixing. The development team also wants to add a new reporting feature based on recent user requests. Which type(s) of software maintenance does this scenario involve?
The "Cyclomatic Complexity" of a software module is primarily used to estimate:
A software project follows a spiral model for development. Which of the following statements is true about the spiral model compared to the traditional waterfall model?
Software testing plays a crucial role in ensuring reliability and correctness at different stages of development. Select the statement that correctly represents this role?
A development team conducts interviews, observations, and questionnaires before starting system design. The goal is to understand user expectations, constraints, and workflows. This activity primarily supports?
Software project management involves multiple activities carried out throughout the project lifecycle, including planning, execution, and post-delivery support. Select the statement that correctly reflects this concept?
What is the primary difference between a B-tree and a B+ tree?
Which of the following is a conflict-serializable schedule?
Two transactions execute concurrently, but their results are the same as if they were executed one after another. This property is called?
A file is stored such that records are placed in no particular order, and searching requires scanning the entire file. This organization is known as?
Which of the following relational algebra operations is equivalent to a Cartesian product followed by a selection (sigma)?
A relation R is in 3NF if every non-prime attribute of R is:
A database designer is refining a relation that has a composite primary key. Some non-key attributes depend only on part of this key, leading to redundancy. Removing such dependencies ensures the relation satisfies a higher normal form. The correct statement describing this transformation is _______.
Which of the following transitions is NOT possible in a standard process state transition diagram?
Consider the following C function:
int fun(int n){
if (n == 0) return 0;
else return n + fun(n - 1);
}
What does the function fun(4) return?
Three processes arrive at time 0 with burst times 5, 3, and 1 unit respectively. The scheduler always selects the process with the smallest burst time next. The order of execution will be?
Which memory technique creates the illusion of larger memory?
What is the "Thrashing" phenomenon in virtual memory systems?